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Vitamin D and B12 test report: normal levels and deficiency explained
Vitamin D and vitamin B12 are two of the most commonly tested, and most commonly low, vitamins in India. Vitamin D is printed as 25-hydroxy (25-OH) vitamin D; B12 as serum vitamin B12 or cobalamin.
What each value means
| On your report | What it measures | Typical adult range |
|---|---|---|
| 25-OH vitamin D | Body's store of vitamin D | Below 20 ng/mL deficient; 20–29 insufficient; 30–100 sufficient |
| Vitamin B12 | Vitamin needed for nerves and red cells | About 200–900 pg/mL; below 200 low |
Ranges differ between laboratories, machines, age groups and in pregnancy. The range printed on your own report is the one that applies to you.
Why they are often low
Vitamin D comes mainly from sunlight on the skin, and indoor lives, covered skin and pollution mean many Indians are low despite the sun. Vitamin B12 comes almost only from animal foods, so vegetarians, and people taking some long-term medicines such as metformin or acid reducers, are more often low.
Units and very high values
Vitamin D is sometimes printed in nmol/L instead of ng/mL (multiply ng/mL by 2.5 to compare). Very high vitamin D, usually above 100 ng/mL, is generally seen only with heavy supplementation. Never change a supplement dose without asking your doctor.
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Read my reportCommon questions
What is a normal vitamin D level?
30–100 ng/mL is generally called sufficient. Below 20 ng/mL is deficiency and 20–29 ng/mL is insufficiency.
What is the normal vitamin B12 level?
Most labs print roughly 200–900 pg/mL. Values just above 200 are borderline, and doctors sometimes order further tests.
Should I fast for these tests?
Usually not. Follow your lab's instructions.
Other lab test guides
Complete blood count (CBC) · Thyroid profile (TSH, T3, T4) · Lipid profile (cholesterol test) · Liver function test (LFT) · Kidney function test (KFT / RFT) · HbA1c and blood sugar tests
This guide is general information for adults, not medical advice and not a diagnosis. Only a qualified doctor can interpret your results. Updated 2026-10-06. See the medical disclaimer.